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What is the process called when a solid changes to a liquid?

  1. Freezing

  2. Evaporation

  3. Condensation

  4. Melting

The correct answer is: Melting

The process by which a solid changes into a liquid is known as melting. This occurs when the solid is heated to its melting point, where the thermal energy allows the particles to overcome their fixed positions in the solid structure, leading to a transition into the liquid state. In the context of the other options: freezing refers to the process of a liquid turning into a solid, which is the opposite of melting. Evaporation is the transformation of a liquid into a gas, a different phase change altogether. Condensation describes the process by which a gas transforms into a liquid, which also contrasts with melting. Understanding these distinctions highlights why melting is the correct term for the solid-to-liquid transformation.